zde<\/a>, se setm\u011blo a \u0160pan\u011blsko bylo katolick\u00e9, zat\u00edmco Granadsk\u00e9 kr\u00e1lovstv\u00ed ekonomicky a kulturn\u011b vzkv\u00e9talo d\u00edky form\u00e1ln\u00edmu uzn\u00e1n\u00ed k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 dominance na Pyrenejsk\u00e9m poloostrov\u011b (a tu\u010dn\u00fdm poplatk\u016fm, kter\u00e9 odv\u00e1d\u011blo katolick\u00fdm kr\u00e1l\u016fm na severu).<\/p>\n\n\n\nN\u00e1zev „Alhambra“ poch\u00e1z\u00ed z arabsk\u00e9ho „al-Qal’a al-hamra“, co\u017e znamen\u00e1 „Rud\u00fd hrad“. Existuje v\u00edce teori\u00ed, pro\u010d zrovna „rud\u00fd“, jedna z nich nap\u0159\u00edklad tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee se Alhambra budovala po noc\u00edch a jej\u00ed b\u00edl\u00e9 zdi se ve sv\u011btle pochodn\u00ed jevily jako na\u010dervenal\u00e9. Jin\u00e1 se p\u0159ikl\u00e1n\u00ed k tomu, \u017ee „rud\u00fd“ bylo jednodu\u0161e p\u0159\u00edzvisko jej\u00edho zrzav\u00e9ho zakladatele Muhhmmada I. A\u0165 je to jak chce, pal\u00e1cov\u00fd komplex byl zalo\u017een na jednom z granadsk\u00fdch kopc\u016f, pozice \u0161ikovn\u00e1 jednak z obrann\u00e9ho hlediska, nebo\u0165 u\u017e od \u0159\u00edmsk\u00fdch dob byl pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1n pro budov\u00e1n\u00ed obrann\u00fdch pevnost\u00ed, jedna z hlediska \u0159ekn\u011bme „politick\u00e9ho“ – proto\u017ee impozantn\u00ed pal\u00e1ce na pozad\u00ed zasn\u011b\u017een\u00fdch hor jsou prost\u011b ide\u00e1ln\u00edm m\u00edstem, ke kter\u00e9mu m\u016f\u017eete vzhl\u00ed\u017eet.
V dne\u0161n\u00ed Alhamb\u0159e najdete celkem \u010dty\u0159i sektory: Palacios Nazar\u00edes<\/strong> (Nasrovsk\u00e9 pal\u00e1ce), la Alcazaba<\/strong> (pevnost), Medina<\/strong> (b\u00fdval\u00e9 m\u011bstsk\u00e9 os\u00eddlen\u00ed Alhambry) a Jardines de Generalife<\/strong> (pal\u00e1cov\u00e9 zahrady).<\/p>\n\n\n\nPalacios Nazar\u00edes<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nPatio de las Arrayanes<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\nNejv\u00fdpravn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed a asi i nejhez\u010d\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st cel\u00e9ho komplexu. Na rozd\u00edl od ostatn\u00edch prostor Alhambry mus\u00edte vstoupit v \u010das uveden\u00fd na va\u0161\u00ed vstupence, p\u0159edt\u00edm ani potom v\u00e1s do nich nevpust\u00ed. Kamenn\u00e9 m\u00edstnosti jsou p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b mal\u00e9, na rozd\u00edl od k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00fdch vl\u00e1dc\u016f si pr\u00fd muslimov\u00e9 vysta\u010dili jen s nejnutn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm vybaven\u00edm a mal\u00fdm prostorem. O to propracovan\u011bj\u0161\u00ed je zdivo, stropy a \u010detn\u00e9 patios<\/em>, kter\u00e9 odd\u011bluj\u00ed nejen jednotliv\u00e9 pal\u00e1ce, ale i nap\u0159\u00edklad ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed prostory od t\u011bch soukrom\u00fdch. \u0160tukov\u00e1n\u00ed zd\u00ed a strop\u016f je tak jemn\u00e9, \u017ee p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 krajku, dominuj\u00ed jemn\u00e9 geometrick\u00e9 vzory, andalusk\u00e9 azulejos<\/em> (kachl\u00edky) a n\u00e1pisy veleb\u00edc\u00ed All\u00e1ha. <\/p>\n\n\n\nJemn\u00e9 \u0161tukov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li>Patio de las Arrayanes<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li>Sala de las dos Hermanas<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li>Propracovan\u00e9 zdoben\u00ed<\/figcaption><\/figure><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\nK nejkr\u00e1sn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm a nejfotografovan\u011bj\u0161\u00edm m\u00edst\u016fm Nasrovsk\u00fdch pal\u00e1c\u016f pat\u0159\u00ed Patio de las Arrayanes<\/strong> a Palacio de los leones<\/strong> (Lv\u00ed pal\u00e1c), jeho\u017e jm\u00e9no se odvozuje od ka\u0161ny obklopen\u00e9 sochami lv\u016f. Celkem 114 sloup\u016f v Palacio de los Leones v\u00e1m dovol\u00ed obdivovat jeho kr\u00e1su z nejr\u016fzn\u011bj\u0161\u00edch perspektiv.<\/p>\n\n\n\nPalacio de los Leones<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\nEl Partal s terasovitou zahradou<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\nPalacio Carlos V.<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nFas\u00e1da Palacio Carlos V.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\nPal\u00e1c, kter\u00fd nechal zbudovat k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00fd kr\u00e1l Carlos V., sice stoj\u00ed hned vedle Nasrovsk\u00fdch pal\u00e1c\u016f a v podstat\u011b do nich zasahuje, ale mezi muslimsk\u00fdmi stavbami p\u016fsob\u00ed jako p\u011bst na oko. Kr\u00e1l Carlos V. byl okouzlen muslimsk\u00fdmi pal\u00e1ci, cht\u011bl se usadit p\u0159\u00edmo mezi nimi, a tak se pustil do v\u00fdstavby renesan\u010dn\u00edho pal\u00e1ce, zvn\u011bj\u0161ku \u010dtvercov\u00e9ho, uvnit\u0159 s kruhov\u00fdch p\u016fdorysem. <\/p>\n\n\n\nP\u0159ekvapiv\u00fd vnit\u0159n\u00ed p\u016fdorys<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\nIroni\u00ed je, \u017ee v n\u011bm nakonec nikdy \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00fd kr\u00e1l nebydlel. Pen\u00edze na stavbu toti\u017e p\u016fvodn\u011b plynuly z dan\u00ed, kter\u00e9 odv\u00e1d\u011bli moriscos<\/em>, p\u016fvodn\u00ed muslimov\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed z\u016fstali na \u00fazem\u00ed Granady po dokon\u010den\u00ed k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 reconquisty. Jenom\u017ee moriscos<\/em> se vzbou\u0159ili, p\u0159\u00edtok pen\u011bz vyschl a tak nebyl pal\u00e1c nikdy dokon\u010den. Dnes v n\u011bm s\u00eddl\u00ed Muzeum Alhambry a Muzeum kr\u00e1sn\u00fdch um\u011bn\u00ed (vstup zdarma), ale siln\u011b pochybuji, \u017ee v\u00e1m vedle n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00e9 pouti Alhambrou zbydou s\u00edly a \u010das na proch\u00e1zen\u00ed jejich prostor. Za zm\u00ednku stoj\u00ed i vn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed fas\u00e1da, zdoben\u00e1 \u017eelezn\u00fdmi hlavami lv\u016f, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed symbolizovat kotv\u00edc\u00ed kruhy pro lod\u011b (pro\u010d, nev\u00edm, ale jsou p\u011bkn\u00ed).<\/p>\n\n\n\nLa Alcazaba<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nNejstar\u0161\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st Alhambry a centrum obrany cel\u00e9ho komplexu. Na tomto m\u00edst\u011b byly budov\u00e1ny obrann\u00e9 stavby u\u017e od \u0159\u00edmsk\u00fdch dob, a prvn\u00ed muslimsk\u00e1 pevnost zde vznikla u\u017e v 11. stolet\u00ed. Prvn\u00ed vl\u00e1dce Granady z dynastie Nazar\u00ed Muhammad I. pak p\u016fvodn\u00ed pevnost p\u0159estav\u011bl, roz\u0161\u00ed\u0159il, a zbudoval hlavn\u00ed v\u011b\u017ee. <\/p>\n\n\n\n
Krom\u011b toho, \u017ee se m\u016f\u017eete proj\u00edt po hradb\u00e1ch a vy\u0161plhat na n\u011bkter\u00e9 z obrann\u00fdch v\u011b\u017e\u00ed, na z\u00e1v\u011br prohl\u00eddky Alcazaby na v\u00e1s \u010dek\u00e1 bonb\u00f3nek – vyhl\u00eddka z hl\u00e1sky Torre de la Vela<\/strong>. <\/p>\n\n\n\nTorre de la Vela<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\n„Velar“ \u0161pan\u011blsky znamen\u00e1 „bd\u00edt nad n\u011b\u010d\u00edm“, tak\u017ee „vela“ na tomto m\u00edst\u011b odkazuje na hl\u00eddku. Na vrcholku v\u011b\u017ee je um\u00edst\u011bn zvon, kter\u00fdm se mimo jin\u00e9 varovalo obyvatelstvo Granady p\u0159ed p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edmi katastrofami a nab\u00edz\u00ed nepopsateln\u00e9 vyhl\u00eddky na b\u011blostnou \u010dtvr\u0165 Albaic\u00edn na prot\u011bj\u0161\u00edm kopci a na zasn\u011b\u017een\u00e9 vrcholky Sierra Nevady na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b. Nejeden n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvn\u00edk reagoval p\u0159ekvapen\u00fdm v\u00fdk\u0159ikem \u00a1Hostias! (A dopr\u2026!), kdy\u017e vy\u0161plhal nahoru na v\u011b\u017e a uvid\u011bl tu kr\u00e1su v\u016fkol \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n\n\n\nVyhl\u00eddka z Torre de la Vela<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\nMedina<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nPro pot\u0159eby kr\u00e1lovsk\u00e9ho dvora tu byla Medina, cel\u00e9 m\u011bste\u010dko zbudovan\u00e9 k pohodl\u00ed granadsk\u00fdch vl\u00e1dc\u016f, p\u0159ipraven\u00e9 vyplnit v\u0161echna jejich p\u0159\u00e1n\u00ed. K dispozici byly mimo jin\u00e9 obchody, me\u0161ita (ta se nedochovala a na jej\u00edm m\u00edst\u011b stoj\u00ed kostel Iglesia de Santa Mar\u00eda<\/strong>) nebo ve\u0159ejn\u00e9 arabsk\u00e9 l\u00e1zn\u011b, kter\u00e9 se dochovaly a jindy se norm\u00e1ln\u011b daj\u00ed nav\u0161t\u00edvit. Moment\u00e1ln\u011b jejich prostory proch\u00e1zej\u00ed rekonstrukc\u00ed. Ze zbytku Mediny dnes uvid\u00edte p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b zahrady a cosi jako vykop\u00e1vky – zachovan\u00e9 obvodov\u00e9 zdi p\u016fvodn\u00edch staveb.<\/p>\n\n\n\nMedina<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\nJardines de Generalife<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nJm\u00e9no zahrad Generalife poch\u00e1z\u00ed z arabsk\u00e9ho n\u00e1zvu „Yannat al-arif“, co\u017e znamen\u00e1 „Architektovy zahrady“. T\u00edm architektem se tu mysl\u00ed B\u016fh a pravdou je, \u017ee nech\u00e1vaj\u00ed vyniknout p\u0159\u00edrodu v pln\u00e9 n\u00e1dhe\u0159e, a\u0165 u\u017e zrovna akcentuj\u00ed kv\u011btiny, cyp\u0159i\u0161ov\u00e1 stromo\u0159ad\u00ed nebo tekouc\u00ed vodu. Tvo\u0159\u00ed je Palacio de Generalife<\/strong> a p\u0159ilehl\u00e9 pal\u00e1cov\u00e9 zahrady. <\/p>\n\n\n\nPalacio de Generalife<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\nNechala jsem si prohl\u00eddku zahrad nakonec s \u00famyslem rozj\u00edmat ve v\u016fni buxusov\u00fdch ke\u0159\u016f a ve st\u00ednu stalet\u00fdch cyp\u0159i\u0161\u016f, ale rostouc\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed turist\u016f a hlad m\u011b nakonec vyhnaly po \u010dty\u0159hodinov\u00e9m putov\u00e1n\u00ed ven z Alhambry i bez meditace ??\u200d\u2640\ufe0f<\/p>\n\n\n\nV\u00fdhled z Jardines altos<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n\n\n\nPraktick\u00e9 info<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\nN\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvu Alhambry mus\u00edte nezbytn\u011b napl\u00e1novat p\u0159edem. Vstupy jsou vyprodan\u00e9 m\u011bs\u00edce dop\u0159edu, berte to v \u00favahu. Pokud budete l\u00edstek kupovat p\u0159es n\u011bkterou ze soukrom\u00fdch spole\u010dnost\u00ed, kter\u00e9 zaji\u0161\u0165uj\u00ed vstup, hl\u00eddejte si, aby v\u00e1s neodrali p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 okat\u011b. Standardn\u00ed ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed vstup do Alhambry (bez audiopr\u016fvodce) vyjde na pokladn\u011b na 15 euro. Na prohl\u00eddku si vy\u010dle\u0148te dost \u010dasu, minim\u00e1ln\u011b t\u0159i hodiny. Dopoledn\u00ed vstup je mezi 9.00 a 14.00, odpoledn\u00ed od 14.00 v\u00fd\u0161e. Na va\u0161\u00ed vstupence bude vyti\u0161t\u011bn \u010das n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bvy Palacios Nazar\u00edes, do kter\u00fdch mus\u00edte vstoupit v ur\u010denou hodinu. V are\u00e1lu se nach\u00e1z\u00ed WC, kiosek a prodejn\u00ed automaty s pit\u00edm a n\u011b\u010d\u00edm mal\u00fdm k j\u00eddlu. Ur\u010dit\u011b si vezm\u011bte pohodln\u00e9 boty, ve kter\u00fdch zvl\u00e1dnete dlouho chodit, a v l\u00e9t\u011b p\u0159ibalte vodu a pokr\u00fdvku hlavy \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n\n\n\nPatio uvnit\u0159 Palacios Nazar\u00edes<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"„\u00c9, \u00a1ni\u00f1a! \u00a1No me guhta que te pierdah!“ (Hol\u010di\u010dko! Nechci aby ses ztratila!), pok\u0159ikuje na m\u011b andalusk\u00fdm n\u00e1\u0159e\u010d\u00edm osmahl\u00fd sta\u0159\u00edk a sp\u011bch\u00e1 m\u00fdm sm\u011brem p\u0159es k\u0159i\u017eovatku spletit\u00fdch uli\u010dek, kde ve studen\u00e9m r\u00e1nu bezradn\u011b zkoum\u00e1m navigaci. Uk\u00e1\u017ee mi spr\u00e1vnou cestu sm\u011brem ke vchodu do Alhambry a zase ut\u00edk\u00e1 za sv\u00fdmi z\u00e1le\u017eitostmi. Taky m\u00e1m co d\u011blat: vyzvednout … <\/p>\n
Pokra\u010dovat ve \u010dten\u00ed „La Alhambra“<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[3,42],"tags":[48,16,44],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/spanelskodokapsy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/581"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/spanelskodokapsy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/spanelskodokapsy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spanelskodokapsy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spanelskodokapsy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=581"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/spanelskodokapsy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/581\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":604,"href":"https:\/\/spanelskodokapsy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/581\/revisions\/604"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/spanelskodokapsy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=581"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spanelskodokapsy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=581"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spanelskodokapsy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=581"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}
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