{"id":28,"date":"2019-02-08T20:47:55","date_gmt":"2019-02-08T19:47:55","guid":{"rendered":"http:\/\/spanelskodokapsy.cz\/?p=28"},"modified":"2019-02-08T23:14:31","modified_gmt":"2019-02-08T22:14:31","slug":"priprava-na-dele-c2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/spanelskodokapsy.cz\/index.php\/2019\/02\/08\/priprava-na-dele-c2\/","title":{"rendered":"P\u0159\u00edprava na DELE C2"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Je obdivuhodn\u00e9, jak m\u00e1lo zdroj\u016f je k dispozici on-line, kdy\u017e p\u0159ijde na informace o mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch zkou\u0161k\u00e1ch ze \u0161pan\u011bl\u0161tiny DELE na \u00farovni C2. Probrouzdala jsem cel\u00fd Internet mnohokr\u00e1t sem a tam a informac\u00ed je poskrovnu, zejm\u00e9na t\u011bch souhrnn\u00fdch: jak se p\u0159ipravit, co od zkou\u0161ek \u010dekat, jak poznat, \u017ee u\u017e &#8222;na to m\u00e1te&#8220; a kolik \u010dasu v\u00e1m p\u0159\u00edprava na C2 m\u016f\u017ee zabrat. Tento post na n\u011bkter\u00e9 z t\u011bchto ot\u00e1zek odpov\u00edd\u00e1. \ud83d\ude42<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"960\" height=\"720\" src=\"http:\/\/spanelskodokapsy.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/IMG_0005.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-33\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spanelskodokapsy.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/IMG_0005.jpg 960w, https:\/\/spanelskodokapsy.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/IMG_0005-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/spanelskodokapsy.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/IMG_0005-768x576.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 767px) 89vw, (max-width: 1000px) 54vw, (max-width: 1071px) 543px, 580px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Co se od v\u00e1s o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1 na \u00farovni C2<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Spole\u010dn\u00fd Evropsk\u00fd Referen\u010dn\u00ed R\u00e1mec (SERR) popisuje po\u017eadovanou \u00farove\u0148 pom\u011brn\u011b slo\u017eit\u011b. Voln\u011b parafr\u00e1zov\u00e1no, kandid\u00e1t na \u00farove\u0148 C2 by m\u011bl rozum\u011bt prakticky v\u0161emu, co \u010dte nebo sly\u0161\u00ed, bez ohledu na rozsah, t\u00e9ma a m\u00edru abstrakce. D\u00e1le mus\u00ed b\u00fdt schopen se plynule vyjad\u0159ovat s velkou p\u0159esnost\u00ed s\u00e9mantickou a gramatickou, co\u017e mu umo\u017en\u00ed jemn\u011b odst\u00ednit to, co chce vyj\u00e1d\u0159it, a to i v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o profesn\u00ed nebo akademick\u00fd kontext s vysokou m\u00edrou specializace a slo\u017eitosti. V praxi to znamen\u00e1, \u017ee um\u00edte \u0161pan\u011bl\u0161tinu v jednotliv\u00fdch oblastech (\u010dten\u00ed, poslech, vyjad\u0159ov\u00e1n\u00ed) pou\u017e\u00edvat zhruba jako rodil\u00fd mluv\u010d\u00ed. Zkou\u0161ka nem\u011b\u0159\u00ed, kolik toho o p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00e9m jazyce v\u00edte, ale jak dob\u0159e si p\u0159i jeho praktick\u00e9m pou\u017eit\u00ed vedete a to zejm\u00e9na pod \u010dasov\u00fdm tlakem. M\u016f\u017eete pou\u017e\u00edvat kteroukoliv formu \u0161pan\u011bl\u0161tiny (evropskou, mexickou, argentinskou&#8230;), ale mus\u00edte b\u00fdt p\u0159i jej\u00edm pou\u017eit\u00ed konzistentn\u00ed. Pokud zmot\u00e1te dohromady argentinskou v\u00fdslovnost a \u0161pan\u011blsk\u00e9 idiomy, vylet\u00edte.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Jak poznat, \u017ee se m\u016f\u017eete ke zkou\u0161ce p\u0159ihl\u00e1sit? Celkov\u00fd \u010das pot\u0159ebn\u00fd ke zvl\u00e1dnut\u00ed p\u0159echodu z \u00farovn\u011b C1 na \u00farove\u0148 C2 je samoz\u0159ejm\u011b individu\u00e1ln\u00ed, ale p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b ne a\u017e tolik. Pot\u0159ebujete zejm\u00e9na nabrat novou slo\u017eitou slovn\u00ed z\u00e1sobu (mnoho synonym a d\u00e1le specializovan\u00e9 v\u00fdrazy z oblasti soci\u00e1ln\u00ed, pracovn\u00ed a ekonomick\u00e9), napsat spoustu form\u00e1ln\u00edch text\u016f a pocvi\u010dit se v porozum\u011bn\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edzvuk\u016fm. Mn\u011b zabral p\u0159esun z C1 na C2 p\u0159esn\u011b dva roky a trouf\u00e1m si \u0159\u00edct, \u017ee za krat\u0161\u00ed dobu to nejsp\u00ed\u0161 nezvl\u00e1dnete. Naproti tomu m\u011b to nest\u00e1lo nijak extr\u00e9mn\u00ed mno\u017estv\u00ed \u010dasu ani \u00fasil\u00ed, \u0161lo sp\u00ed\u0161 o pravideln\u00e9 v\u011bnov\u00e1n\u00ed se jazyku a p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b v rozsahu cca 10 hodin t\u00fddn\u011b (zapo\u010dteno je v\u0161e &#8211; filmy, kn\u00ed\u017eky, rozhovory, podcasty&#8230;) C\u00edlen\u00e1 p\u0159\u00edprava na zkou\u0161ku jako takovou zabrala cca posledn\u00edch 5 m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Zdroje<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Zdroj\u016f pro p\u0159\u00edpravu na DELE C2 nen\u00ed zrovna p\u0159ehr\u0161el. V z\u00e1sad\u011b m\u00e1te k dispozici n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li><strong>Nuevo Prisma C2<\/strong>. Vcelku p\u0159\u00edjemn\u00e1 u\u010debnice, kterou m\u016f\u017eete pou\u017e\u00edt k tomu, abyste se dostali na p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161nou \u00farove\u0148. Obsahuje v\u0161eobecnou slovn\u00ed z\u00e1sobu a k dispozici je pracovn\u00ed se\u0161it se spoustou cvi\u010den\u00ed, kter\u00e1 v\u00e1s pozvolna p\u0159ipravuj\u00ed na form\u00e1t a obt\u00ed\u017enost zkou\u0161ky. Pozor ale, po\u017eadavky jsou tu v\u00fdrazn\u011b ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e u skute\u010dn\u00e9 zkou\u0161eky (co se t\u00fd\u010de nap\u0159. rozsahu vyprodukovan\u00fdch text\u016f), a tak u\u010debnici nem\u016f\u017eete pou\u017e\u00edt jako jedin\u00fd zdroj pro p\u0159\u00edpravu. Vyd\u00e1v\u00e1 nakladatelstv\u00ed <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Edinumen (otev\u0159e se na nov\u00e9 z\u00e1lo\u017ece)\" href=\"https:\/\/edinumen.es\/metodos-jovenes-y-adultos\/nuevo-prisma\/nuevo-prisma-c2-libro-del-alumno-detalle\" target=\"_blank\">Edinumen.<\/a><\/li><li><strong>Preparaci\u00f3n al Diploma de Espa\u00f1ol Nivel C2<\/strong>. Obsahuje \u0161est tematicky uspo\u0159\u00e1dan\u00fdch vzorov\u00fdch zkou\u0161ek, v\u010detn\u011b slovn\u00ed\u010dku ke ka\u017ed\u00e9mu t\u00e9matu a u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fdch n\u00e1vod\u016f na psan\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch typ\u016f form\u00e1ln\u00edch text\u016f (reklama\u010dn\u00ed dopisy, st\u00ed\u017enosti, \u010dl\u00e1nky). Nejedn\u00e1 se o re\u00e1ln\u00e9 zkou\u0161kov\u00e9 varianty, ale typ \u00fakol\u016f a jejich n\u00e1ro\u010dnost je velmi v\u011brn\u00e1. Tahle u\u010debnice bude p\u0159i p\u0159\u00edprav\u011b velmi u\u017eite\u010dn\u00e1. Vyd\u00e1v\u00e1 nakladatelstv\u00ed <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Edelsa (otev\u0159e se na nov\u00e9 z\u00e1lo\u017ece)\" href=\"https:\/\/edelsa.es\" target=\"_blank\">Edelsa.<\/a><\/li><li><strong>El Cron\u00f3metro Nivel C2<\/strong>. Absolutn\u00ed hv\u011bzda mezi p\u0159\u00edpravn\u00fdmi materi\u00e1ly, \u010dty\u0159i re\u00e1ln\u00e9 zkou\u0161kov\u00e9 modely. Dal\u0161\u00ed \u010dty\u0159i zkou\u0161ky jsou rozpu\u0161t\u011bny do praktick\u00fdch cvi\u010den\u00ed. Cron\u00f3metro klade velk\u00fd d\u016fraz na \u010das a simulaci re\u00e1ln\u00e9ho prost\u0159ed\u00ed zkou\u0161ky. Rad\u00edm nechat si ho na \u00fapln\u00fd z\u00e1v\u011br p\u0159\u00edpravy a nevynech\u00e1vat praktick\u00e1 cvi\u010den\u00ed, a chcete-li na p\u0159\u00edpravu pou\u017e\u00edt jen jeden materi\u00e1l, vsa\u010fte pr\u00e1v\u011b na El Cron\u00f3metro. Vyd\u00e1v\u00e1 nakladatelstv\u00ed <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Edinumen (otev\u0159e se na nov\u00e9 z\u00e1lo\u017ece)\" href=\"https:\/\/edinumen.es\/autoaprendizaje\/el-cronometro\/el-cronometro-c2-cd-detalle\" target=\"_blank\">Edinumen.<\/a><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Jin\u00e9 u\u010debnice podle m\u00e9ho n\u00e1zoru nepot\u0159ebujete. Taky nepot\u0159ebujete \u010d\u00edst \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 speci\u00e1ln\u00ed knihy, bohat\u011b posta\u010d\u00ed, kdy\u017e se soust\u0159ed\u00edte na form\u00e1ln\u00ed novinov\u00e9 \u010dl\u00e1nky, kter\u00e9 vych\u00e1z\u00ed v den\u00edku <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"El Pa\u00eds (otev\u0159e se na nov\u00e9 z\u00e1lo\u017ece)\" href=\"http:\/\/www.elpais.com\" target=\"_blank\">El Pa\u00eds<\/a>. D\u016fle\u017eit\u00e9: ve zkou\u0161kov\u00fdch textech nepotk\u00e1te \u017e\u00e1dnou beletrii, jedn\u00e1 se prakticky v\u017edy o adaptovan\u00e9 p\u0159etisky \u010dl\u00e1nk\u016f z novin nebo webu.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Tipy a triky<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Tr\u00e9nujte porozum\u011bn\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdm p\u0159\u00edzvuk\u016fm<\/strong>. U zkou\u0161ky je db\u00e1no na to, aby byla v poslechov\u00fdch cvi\u010den\u00edch zastoupena jak evropsk\u00e1 \u0161pan\u011bl\u0161tina, tak i r\u016fzn\u00e9 jihoamerick\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edzvuky. Zdaleka nejp\u0159\u00edjemn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed metoda je jednodu\u0161e koukat na filmy, zkuste t\u0159eba:<\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul><li>Mexiko: <em>Amores perros<\/em> (film vy\u0161el na DVD i v \u010cech\u00e1ch), <em>Roma<\/em> (nominacemi na Oscara ov\u011bn\u010den\u00fd film, k dispozici na Netflixu), <em>Como agua para chocolate<\/em> <\/li><li>Kolumbie: zkuste nap\u00ednav\u00fd film o drogov\u00fdch v\u00e1lk\u00e1ch v Cali <em>El cartel de los sapos<\/em><\/li><li>Argentina: vyzkou\u0161ejte str\u00e1nku <a rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"Cine Argentino (otev\u0159e se na nov\u00e9 z\u00e1lo\u017ece)\" href=\"http:\/\/cineargentino-online.blogspot.com\" target=\"_blank\">Cine Argentino<\/a>, kde jsou k dispozici online filmy argentinsk\u00e9 provenience. Argentina m\u00e1 skv\u011bl\u00e9 filmy, doporu\u010dit m\u016f\u017eu jednozna\u010dn\u011b t\u0159eba <em>Nieve negra, Relatos salvajes <\/em>(vy\u0161lo na DVD i u n\u00e1s), <em>Truman <\/em>(skv\u011bl\u00fd film a 50:50 evropsk\u00e1 a argentinsk\u00e1 \u0161pan\u011bl\u0161tina), E<em>l secreto de sus ojos<\/em> nebo <em>Capit\u00e1n K\u00f3blic<\/em>. Hmmm&#8230; asi je poznat, \u017ee m\u016fj obl\u00edben\u00fd argentinsk\u00fd herec je Ricardo Dar\u00edn!<\/li><li>Kuba: <em>Fresa y chocolate, Vientos de la Habana<\/em><\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Krom\u011b Internetu najdete \u0161pan\u011blskojazy\u010dn\u00e9 filmy v knihovn\u011b Instituto Cervantes v Praze.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Nechte si sv\u00e9 texty kontrolovat lektorem<\/strong>. Hl\u00eddejte si spr\u00e1vn\u00fd po\u010det slov (ani v\u00edce, ani m\u00e9n\u011b ne\u017e stanoven\u00fd rozsah) a proch\u00e1zejte je pravideln\u011b s lektorem, rozum\u00ed se samo sebou rodil\u00fdm mluv\u010d\u00edm, nejl\u00e9pe takov\u00fdm, kter\u00fd je certifikovan\u00fd jako zkou\u0161ej\u00edc\u00ed DELE, nebo se v po\u017eadavc\u00edch dob\u0159e orientuje. \u010cek\u00e1 v\u00e1s spousta frustrace a ve chv\u00edli, kdy je pochval v\u00edce ne\u017e v\u00fdk\u0159ik\u016f <em>\u00a1Te mato!<\/em>, tak\u00e9 spousta radosti.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<figure class=\"wp-block-image\"><img loading=\"lazy\" width=\"957\" height=\"1024\" src=\"http:\/\/spanelskodokapsy.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/IMG_0007-957x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" class=\"wp-image-34\" srcset=\"https:\/\/spanelskodokapsy.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/IMG_0007-957x1024.jpg 957w, https:\/\/spanelskodokapsy.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/IMG_0007-280x300.jpg 280w, https:\/\/spanelskodokapsy.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/02\/IMG_0007-768x822.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"(max-width: 767px) 89vw, (max-width: 1000px) 54vw, (max-width: 1071px) 543px, 580px\" \/><\/figure>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Tr\u00e9nujte spln\u011bn\u00ed \u010dasov\u00e9ho limitu<\/strong>. Zejm\u00e9na u p\u00edsemn\u00fdch \u00fakol\u016f to nen\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 sranda. Dv\u011b a p\u016fl hodiny vypad\u00e1 jako spousta \u010dasu, ale schv\u00e1ln\u011b zkuste napsat v\u0161echny po\u017eadovan\u00e9 texty najednou, v ruce, \u010diteln\u011b a ve stanoven\u00e9m limitu. Ehm. Jestli se v\u00e1m to poda\u0159\u00ed napoprv\u00e9, sn\u00edm svoje boty!<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Nahr\u00e1vejte se<\/strong>. Au, au, j\u00e1 v\u00edm. Dostala isem tuhle radu od sv\u00e9ho lektora a je k nezaplacen\u00ed. Nahr\u00e1t se na diktafon v telefonu, kdy\u017e tr\u00e9nujete na \u00fastn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st zkou\u0161ky &#8211; osmiminutovou prezentaci na zadan\u00e9 t\u00e9ma &#8211; m\u00e1 dv\u011b funkce. Za prv\u00e9 (velmi zda\u0159ile) simuluje stres, kter\u00fd u zkou\u0161ky za\u017eijete a jak zn\u00e1mo, co n\u00e1s nezabije, to n\u00e1s pos\u00edl\u00ed! Za druh\u00e9 v\u00e1m umo\u017en\u00ed uv\u011bdomit si opakovan\u00e9 chyby (nap\u0159. \u017ee m\u00edsto r\u016fzn\u00fdch <em>conectores del discurso<\/em> pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1te po\u0159\u00e1d dokola jen &#8222;pero&#8220; a &#8222;y&#8220;). Zlep\u0161en\u00ed va\u0161eho v\u00fdkonu minim\u00e1ln\u011b o 100 % je p\u0159i zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00e9m postupu zaru\u010deno.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p class=\"has-medium-font-size\"><strong>Ofici\u00e1ln\u00ed informace a p\u0159ihla\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>Na webu Instituto Cervantes na <a href=\"https:\/\/examenes.cervantes.es\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"https:\/\/examenes.cervantes.es (otev\u0159e se na nov\u00e9 z\u00e1lo\u017ece)\">https:\/\/examenes.cervantes.es<\/a>. Term\u00edny zkou\u0161ek, stejn\u011b jako term\u00edny pro p\u0159ihla\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed jsou vyv\u011b\u0161eny tamt\u00e9\u017e. Krom\u011b datum\u016f tu najdete zkou\u0161kov\u00e1 centra, ceny zkou\u0161ek, podrobn\u00e9 informace o form\u00e1tu jednotliv\u00fdch \u00fakol\u016f, uk\u00e1zky v\u00fdstup\u016f kandid\u00e1t\u016f kte\u0159\u00ed usp\u011bli nebo propadli a rozpis hodnot\u00edc\u00edch krit\u00e9ri\u00ed.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p>A jak vypad\u00e1 vlastn\u00ed zkou\u0161ka, p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b na co se soust\u0159edit u jednotliv\u00fdch \u010d\u00e1st\u00ed? O tom bude dal\u0161\u00ed <a href=\"https:\/\/spanelskodokapsy.cz\/index.php\/2019\/02\/08\/u-zkousky-dele-c2\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noreferrer noopener\" aria-label=\"post (otev\u0159e se na nov\u00e9 z\u00e1lo\u017ece)\">post<\/a>.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Je obdivuhodn\u00e9, jak m\u00e1lo zdroj\u016f je k dispozici on-line, kdy\u017e p\u0159ijde na informace o mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch zkou\u0161k\u00e1ch ze \u0161pan\u011bl\u0161tiny DELE na \u00farovni C2. Probrouzdala jsem cel\u00fd Internet mnohokr\u00e1t sem a tam a informac\u00ed je poskrovnu, zejm\u00e9na t\u011bch souhrnn\u00fdch: jak se p\u0159ipravit, co od zkou\u0161ek \u010dekat, jak poznat, \u017ee u\u017e &#8222;na to m\u00e1te&#8220; a kolik \u010dasu v\u00e1m &hellip; <\/p>\n<p class=\"link-more\"><a href=\"https:\/\/spanelskodokapsy.cz\/index.php\/2019\/02\/08\/priprava-na-dele-c2\/\" class=\"more-link\">Pokra\u010dovat ve \u010dten\u00ed<span class=\"screen-reader-text\"> &#8222;P\u0159\u00edprava na DELE C2&#8220;<\/span><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":[],"categories":[11,4],"tags":[9,10],"amp_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/spanelskodokapsy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/spanelskodokapsy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/spanelskodokapsy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spanelskodokapsy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spanelskodokapsy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=28"}],"version-history":[{"count":4,"href":"https:\/\/spanelskodokapsy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":46,"href":"https:\/\/spanelskodokapsy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/28\/revisions\/46"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/spanelskodokapsy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=28"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spanelskodokapsy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=28"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/spanelskodokapsy.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=28"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}